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Thursday, 03. Oct. 2013 |
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15:15 – 16:15 |
Abstract
The phase transitions
and superconductivity are the two summits of physics which were conquered in
the second part
of the
twentieth century. They are connected by the mountain-range, which is called
superconducting fluctuations.
My lecture
will be devoted to discussion of the latter.
I will
start from recalling of some facts of the history of superconductivity and then
concentrate on the novel superconductors,
where
fluctuations play an important role. I will discuss their wave nature close to
critical temperature remaining in the
framework
of Ginzburg-Landau ideas, using only the Heisenberg
principle, and handwaving to obtain the necessary
evaluations.
Then,
moving along the line, separating superconducting and normal phase in the phase
diagram “temperature-magnetic field”,
I will
approach the point of quantum phase transition at zero temperature and will
show how the waves break in vortices
and the Abrikosov’s lattice is formed.
Finally I
will show several impressive manifestations of superconducting fluctuations in
physical properties of superconductors
and will
explain how they can be used in order to investigate the modern superconducting
systems.